For eccentricity at its very best, read on for a (by no means exhaustive) list of some groups who dared to question, poke, expand, rebel against, disrupt and redefine architecture in the 60s and 70s. While certain individuals from this era like Cedric Price, Hans Hollein, and Yona Friedman remain important to the realm of the radical and the unbuilt, the revolutionary spirit of these decades also saw the birth of various young collectives. Steel Projects Built Projects Selected Projects Educational Architecture Higher Education University Wallisdown United Kingdom. Reestablishing architecture as an instrument of political, social, and cultural critique, they drafted bold manifestoes and designs, experimented with collage, music, performance art, furniture, graphic design, zines, installations, events, and exhibitions. The AIA’s highest and most selective membership honor is bestowed. The grand visions dreamt up by the modernists were soon challenged by utopian experiments from the “anti-architecture” or “radical design” groups of the 1960–70s. Congratulations to Peter Cook, FAIA, NOMA for his induction into The American Institute of Architects (AIA) College of Fellows. With injustices openly questioned and radical ideas that set out to unseat existing conventions and practices in various spheres of life, things weren’t any different in the architectural world. The first moon landing, widespread anti-war protests, Woodstock and the hippies, rural communes and environmentalism, the Berlin Wall, the women’s liberation movement and so much more-the tumultuous decades of the Sixties and Seventies occupy an unforgettable place in history.

This article explores conceptual radical cities where designers embrace the ideas of user authorship and the constant evolution of ephemeral architecture. These factors should be considered in the initial design by engaging ideas related to future expansion, adaptable infrastructure, and empowering citizens to contribute to the city's architecture, thus making the city design democratic. Instead, it recognizes the role that people play in shaping the urban fabric through their personal taste in architecture, the development of neighborhood personality, and ongoing redesign that contributes to the story and spirit of a place.

User authorship then acknowledges that city planning should not be approached like building design, where designers attempt to predict every aspect of shape, pattern, behavior, and culture. Can architects and urban planners determine the extent to which a city will evolve through its initial design? The answer is no. The question of ' city authorship' often arises in the context of masterplan design. While its framework may start with planners or designers, the character of the urban fabric is ultimately shaped by the societies and generations that inhabit it. (NOMA), is a member of the National Organization of Minority Architects. The concept of a city can be viewed as a constantly evolving system where both architects and users contribute to its design and redesign.

Peter cook architect noma